Neuropsychological Rehabilitation Clinic
We provide specialized neuropsychological rehabilitation for cognitive and psychological changes following brain injury, stroke, or neurological illness. Care includes neuropsychological assessment, cognitive rehabilitation, and psychologically informed interventions, with structured support for return to work, return to education, and sustained independence in daily life.
Services are provided in-person in Toronto and virtually across Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick.
A Neuropsychological Approach to Rehabilitation
Neuropsychological rehabilitation is a specialized component of neurorehabilitation focused on understanding and addressing the mechanisms contributing to cognitive, psychological, and functional changes that affect performance in work, education, and everyday life, following neurological injury or medical conditions affecting brain function. Neuropsychologists play a central role in neurological rehabilitation when changes in brain function affect cognitive efficiency, emotional regulation, or functional independence.
Neuropsychological rehabilitation may include cognitive rehabilitation, psychological therapy, and structured support with return to work or school, adaptation to changes in independence, and adjustment to neurological diagnosis or illness. Conditions commonly associated with cognitive or psychological changes that may benefit from neuropsychological rehabilitation include stroke, traumatic brain injury, autoimmune neurological conditions such as multiple sclerosis, brain tumour or neurosurgical treatment, and cancer treatment–related cognitive impairment (“chemo brain” or “chemo fog”).
The goal of neurorehabilitation is to support individuals in maintaining or re-establishing effective participation in professional roles, education, family life, and other cognitively demanding aspects of everyday functioning. In many neurological conditions, rehabilitation involves working within the context of changes in underlying brain capacity. Treatment therefore focuses on optimizing functional performance, supporting adaptive strategies, and addressing psychological or physiological factors that may further influence cognitive efficiency and day-to-day functioning.
Rehabilitation Pathways After Brain Injury and Neurological Conditions
Individuals may benefit from neuropsychological rehabilitation when cognitive, emotional, or functional difficulties emerge following neurological injury, illness, or medical treatment affecting brain function. These challenges may involve attention, memory, processing speed, executive functioning, mental endurance, or psychological adjustment, and can arise across diverse neurological rehabilitation contexts.
Acquired Brain Injury and Sudden Neurological Events
Rehabilitation is commonly indicated following neurological events associated with abrupt changes in brain functioning and day-to-day independence. These may include traumatic brain injury related to falls, sports-related injury, or other forms of physical trauma. Non-traumatic acquired brain injury may occur following stroke, aneurysm rupture, or arteriovenous malformation, as well as hypoxic brain injury due to oxygen deprivation (e.g., cardiac arrest or surgical complications), infections affecting the brain such as meningitis or encephalitis, metabolic or toxic neurological complications, and cognitive changes emerging after severe medical illness or intensive care, including COVID-19 with neurological involvement.
Neurological Conditions with Gradual or Fluctuating Cognitive Change
Some neurological conditions are associated with more gradual or variable changes in cognitive functioning that may affect work capacity, academic performance, and everyday life roles. These include multiple sclerosis and other autoimmune neurological conditions (e.g., lupus, autoimmune encephalitis), as well as seizure disorders associated with cognitive change.
Cognitive Changes Related to Medical Treatment or Systemic Illness
Cognitive difficulties may also arise in the context of medical treatment or systemic illness, even when structural neuroimaging findings are normal or minimal. This includes cancer treatment–related cognitive impairment (“chemo brain” or “chemo fog”), cognitive changes following intensive care or prolonged hospitalization, and neurological complications of systemic disease.
Structural Neurological and Neurosurgical Conditions
Cognitive or psychological changes may occur in association with structural neurological conditions or neurosurgical treatment. Examples include brain tumours, neurosurgical interventions such as shunt placement, aneurysm clipping, decompression craniotomy, or stereotactic radiosurgery (e.g., gamma knife), as well as complex neurological presentations requiring coordinated rehabilitation planning.
An individualized neuropsychological assessment and formulation clarifies whether intervention should focus primarily on recovery of function, adaptive compensation, or optimization of performance within the context of neurological change.
What Makes Neuropsychological Rehabilitation Different:
- Treatment guided by individualized neuropsychological formulation rather than standardized rehabilitation programming
- Treatment delivered by neuropsychologists with advanced expertise in brain–behaviour relationships, neurological conditions, and cognitive rehabilitation
- An integrated neuropsychological approach addressing cognitive performance, emotional functioning, and real-world demands following neurological change
- Specialized understanding of how neurological conditions affect cognitive functioning, emotional regulation, behaviour, and performance in work and daily life
- Therapy adapted to accommodate cognitive fatigue, memory impairment, executive functioning changes, and reduced cognitive endurance
- Guidance for individuals and families adjusting to neurological diagnosis, functional change, and return-to-work or return-to-school decisions
FAQs about Neuropsychological Rehabilitation
If you have any other questions, please contact us.
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Do I need a neuropsychological assessment before starting rehabilitation?
In many cases, an initial consultation helps determine whether neuropsychological assessment is recommended before beginning treatment. Assessment may be helpful when diagnostic clarification, detailed functional evaluation, rehabilitation planning, or readiness to return to cognitively demanding, high-responsibility, or safety-sensitive roles is being considered. Providing relevant medical or rehabilitation documentation in advance of the initial consultation can assist us in understanding your individual circumstances and guiding recommendations.
What types of conditions are appropriate for neuropsychological rehabilitation?
Neuropsychological rehabilitation may be appropriate for individuals experiencing cognitive, emotional, or functional changes following acquired brain injury (e.g., stroke or traumatic brain injury), autoimmune conditions such as multiple sclerosis, neurological illness including neurosurgical or tumour-related conditions, or medical treatments affecting brain function, including cancer treatment.
Do you offer virtual cognitive rehabilitation or neuropsychologically informed psychological therapy?
Yes. Cognitive rehabilitation and neuropsychologically informed psychological therapy are available both in-person in Toronto and virtually for individuals located in Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick.
Can neuropsychological rehabilitation help with return-to-work or return-to-school planning?
Yes. Treatment often includes structured support with return-to-work or return-to-school planning particularly in cognitively complex, high-stakes, or safety-sensitive roles. This may involve cognitive strategy development, work hardening or graduated reintegration through work-like tasks, psychological support, development of individualized return-to-work or academic reintegration plans that can be shared with employers or educational institutions, and recommendations regarding accommodations to support functional performance and a sustainable return to work or study.
Is treatment covered by insurance?
Services provided by registered psychologists are often eligible for reimbursement through extended health benefit plans. Coverage varies, and individuals are encouraged to confirm details with their insurance provider. Costs which are not covered can be submitted under medical expenses when you file your taxes.
Do you offer direct billing to insurance providers?
Direct billing is available for select extended health benefit plans. Coverage and eligibility vary. Our intake coordinator can assist in determining whether direct billing is available through your provider. When direct billing is not available, receipts are provided for reimbursement.
Do you accept referrals from physicians or other healthcare providers?
Referrals are welcome from physicians, rehabilitation professionals, insurers, legal representatives, and other healthcare providers. Individuals may also contact the clinic directly to inquire about services, and a referral is not required to begin care.
How long does neuropsychological rehabilitation typically last?
The duration of treatment varies depending on individual needs, clinical complexity, and rehabilitation goals. Some individuals benefit from short-term targeted intervention, while others may require longer-term support.
Do you provide treatment for functional neurological conditions or post-viral syndromes?
Treatment for functional neurological conditions, somatic symptom presentations, and post-viral syndromes is provided through our Chronic Pain Clinic.
Brain Injury and Neurocognitive Assessment
Initial consultation and neuropsychological assessment clarify patterns of cognitive, psychological, and functional change that may influence real-world performance following stroke, multiple sclerosis, brain tumour or neurosurgical treatment, cancer treatment–related cognitive impairment, and other neurological or medical conditions affecting brain function. These findings guide mechanism-informed and capacity-aware rehabilitation planning.
Comprehensive neuropsychological assessment is available when diagnostic clarification or detailed functional evaluation is required to inform rehabilitation, return-to-work or school planning and accommodations, or other clinical and personal decision-making.
Cognitive Rehabilitation After Brain Injury and Neurological Conditions
Cognitive rehabilitation, also referred to as cognitive remediation, is a component of neuropsychological rehabilitation focused on addressing changes in thinking abilities that may arise following brain injury, neurological illness, or medical conditions affecting brain function. Treatment targets factors contributing to reduced cognitive efficiency while supporting the development of individualized compensatory strategies when neurological changes affect cognitive capacity.
Cognitive changes often become most apparent when individuals resume cognitively demanding environments such as professional work, post-secondary education, or complex life responsibilities. Individuals may notice reduced efficiency, increased mental fatigue, difficulty managing competing demands, feeling overwhelmed or irritable, or changes in planning, problem-solving, and decision-making.
Following neurological injury or illness, cognitive systems may become more vulnerable to the effects of sleep disruption, stress, emotional load, or cognitive overexertion. Rehabilitation therefore often includes strategies to stabilize cognitive functioning and reduce secondary factors that may suppress performance below an individual’s available capacity.
Cognitive changes are well-documented following neurological injury, autoimmune neurological conditions, and medical treatments affecting brain function. Clinically meaningful cognitive impairment is reported in approximately 40–50% of individuals after stroke, 34–65% of individuals with multiple sclerosis, and 25–35% of individuals following cancer treatment, commonly referred to as cancer-related cognitive impairment (“chemo brain”). The functional impact of cognitive change varies widely and is best understood through individualized neuropsychological evaluation rather than diagnosis alone.
Our approach is grounded in neuropsychological science, cognitive neuroscience research, and extensive clinical experience designing and implementing evidence-informed neuropsychological rehabilitation approaches that support meaningful real-world performance outcomes.
Cognitive Rehabilitation May Include
- Strategies to manage distraction, improve sustained attention, and enhance cognitive efficiency in complex work or academic environments
- Executive functioning rehabilitation targeting planning, organization, prioritization, cognitive flexibility, goal management, and decision-making
- Productivity and task-management strategies to support return to work or return to post-secondary education after neurological injury or medical treatment
- Cognitive fatigue management and pacing strategies to reduce cognitive overload and support sustained performance
- Structured approaches to problem-solving, reasoning, and complex decision-making
- Behavioural and cognitive strategies to address procrastination, reduced initiation, and motivational challenges associated with executive dysfunction
- Learning and study strategies for adults returning to post-secondary education following neurological illness
- Return-to-work or return-to-school planning, including cognitive strategy development and accommodation recommendations
- Memory rehabilitation using performance-based compensatory strategies, smartphones, assistive technology, and digital cognitive supports for memory impairment
Intervention is individualized, evidence-informed, and directed toward optimizing cognitive efficiency and sustained performance in complex real-world roles following neurological change.
Psychological Therapy After Neurological Injury or Illness
- Anxiety or depression following brain injury, stroke, multiple sclerosis, or neurological illness
- Adjustment to changes in cognitive functioning, independence, or life trajectory
- Trauma related to medical events, physical injury, assault, or hospitalization
- Reduced stress tolerance, irritability, feeling overwhelmed, or emotional regulation difficulties
- Changes in identity, confidence, or sense of meaning and purpose
- Relationship, family, or social functioning challenges
- Psychological impact of persistent cognitive fatigue or reduced efficiency
Psychological therapy is adapted to accommodate cognitive impairment, including changes in memory, attention, or mental endurance. This neuropsychologically informed approach supports accessibility, treatment engagement, and meaningful functional outcomes.
Individuals seeking therapy for concerns unrelated to neurological conditions may wish to visit our Psychology Clinic. Those seeking treatment for somatic symptom disorder, functional neurological conditions, or post-viral syndromes may wish to visit our Chronic Pain Clinic.
Family and Support After Neurological Injury or Illness
Neurological injury often affects both the individual and their broader support network. Changes in cognition, emotional regulation, independence, and daily roles can place significant psychological and practical demands on family members and support persons.
We provide:
- Psychological support for family members or support persons experiencing stress, burnout, or adjustment challenges
- Education on cognitive, behavioural, and emotional changes associated with neurological conditions
- Guidance on supporting memory, executive functioning, and daily independence at home
- Involvement of family members or support persons in rehabilitation planning when appropriate
- Strategies to support communication, role adjustment, and relationship functioning
Supporting family members and support persons can enhance treatment engagement, long-term functional outcomes, and quality of life particularly when individuals are navigating complex or high-demand life roles.